tapetum [
PO:0025313; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of ground tissue (PO:0025059) that is the inner-most layer of a sporangium wall (PO:0025306).
More Synonyms: 絨毯組織、タペート組織 (Japanese), tapeto (Spanish)
Comments: May function in providing nutrition to developing sporocytes or pollen. May have one or more layers of cells. May break down as spores mature. A tapetum does not develop in some plants, such as Psilotum. In angiosperms, the tapetum develops from one of the parietal layers. In non-seed plants, the tapetum may develop from the outer cells of archesporium or from the inner-most layer of the sporangium wall. The tapetum may be one of two types ameboid or secretory/glandular.
tapetum cell [
PO:0025543; plant anatomy term ]
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that is part of the tapetum (PO:0025313).
More Synonyms: タペート細胞 (Japanese), célula del tapete (Spanish), tapetal cell
Comments: The tapetum is the inner-most layer of a sporangium wall (PO:0025306).
tassel apical meristem [
PO:0006376; plant anatomy term ]
An inflorescence apical meristem that gives rise to the maize tassel.
More Synonyms: 雄穂頂分裂組織 (Japanese), meristema apical del penacho (borla) (Spanish)
Comments:
tassel floret [
PO:0006310; plant anatomy term ]
A small staminate flower (PO:0025600) that is part of a tassel spikelet (PO:0006309).
More Synonyms: 雄穂小花 (Japanese), florete del penacho (borla) (Spanish)
Comments: The tassel floret (PO:0006310) initiates both stamens (PO:0009029) and carpels (PO:0009030), but all carpels abort during development. Found in Zea spp.
tassel inflorescence [
PO:0020126; plant anatomy term ]
A staminate inflorescence (PO:0025601) in Zea species that bears the tassel spikelet (PO:0006309) on a terminal inflorescence axis (PO:0020122).
More Synonyms: 雄穂(花) (Japanese), penacho de la inflorescencia (Spanish)
Comments: Branched inflorescence with a central axis and about 10-50 lateral branches.
tassel inflorescence branch [
PO:0006323; plant anatomy term ]
An inflorescence branch (PO:0009081) arising from an axillary bud (PO:0004709) on a first order inflorescence axis (PO:0025104) or from a higher order inflorescence branch that is part of a tassel inflorescence (PO:0020126).
More Synonyms: 雄穂枝 (Japanese), rama del penacho (borla) (Spanish)
Comments:
tassel inflorescence branch meristem [
PO:0009107; plant anatomy term ]
An inflorescence branch meristem (PO:0009105) that gives rise to the long lateral tassel branch (PO:0009101), short tassel branch (PO:0009102), and tassel spikelets (PO:0006309) in a tassel inflorescence (PO:0020126).
More Synonyms: 雄穂側分裂組織 (Japanese), meristema lateral del penacho (borla) (Spanish)
Comments:
tassel meristem [
PO:0009106; plant anatomy term ]
Meristem that gives rise to the apical and lateral structures of the tassel inflorescence in maize.
More Synonyms: 雄穂分裂組織 (Japanese), meristema del penacho (borla) (Spanish)
Comments:
tassel pedicellate spikelet [
PO:0006312; plant anatomy term ]
Ultimate inflorescence branch of the maize tassel with a pedicel, developing from the spikelet pair meristem.
More Synonyms: 雄穂(花)の有柄小穂 (Japanese), penacho (borla) pedicelada del florete (Spanish)
Comments:
tassel peduncle [
PO:0006417; plant anatomy term ]
A peduncle of a maize tassel, below the lowest tassel node.
More Synonyms: 雄穂花梗 (Japanese), pedúnculo del penacho (borla) (Spanish)
Comments:
tassel sessile spikelet [
PO:0006311; plant anatomy term ]
Ultimate inflorescence branch of the maize tassel without a pedicel, developing from the spikelet pair meristem.
More Synonyms: 雄穂(花)の無柄小穂 (Japanese), penacho (borla) sésil del florete (Spanish)
Comments:
tassel spikelet [
PO:0006309; plant anatomy term ]
A spikelet (PO:0009051) that is part of the tassel inflorescence (PO:0020126) and bears tassel florets (PO:0006310) at maturity.
More Synonyms: 雄穂(花)の小穂 (Japanese), penacho (borla) de la espiguilla (Spanish)
Comments:
tassel spikelet meristem [
PO:0006377; plant anatomy term ]
Apical meristem that gives rise to the upper and lower florets of the maize tassel spikelets.
More Synonyms: 雄穂(花)の小穂分裂組織 (Japanese), meristema del penacho (borla) de la espiguilla (Spanish)
Comments:
tassel spikelet pair meristem [
PO:0006358; plant anatomy term ]
The meristem present on short tassel branch that produces two spikelet meristems, each of which produces two floral meristems in a maize tassel.
More Synonyms: 雄穂(花)の小穂対分裂組織 (Japanese), par de meristemas del penacho (borla) de la espiguilla (Spanish)
Comments:
tassel spikelet rachilla [
PO:0006379; plant anatomy term ]
The axis of the tassel spikelet, above the glumes.
More Synonyms: 雄穂(花)の小穂小軸 (Japanese), raquilla del penacho (borla) de la espiguilla (Spanish)
Comments:
tegmen [
PO:0020056; plant anatomy term ]
That part of the seed coat that develops from the inner integument.
More Synonyms: portion of tegmen tissue, tegmen (Spanish), 内種子(internal seed coat, inner seed coat, secundine) (Japanese)
Comments:
tension wood [
PO:0025474; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of reaction wood (PO:0025472) found on the upper side of a shoot axis (PO:0025029) that is or was angled away from vertical and that has as parts gelatinous fiber cells (PO:0025422).
More Synonyms:
Comments: Develops as a response to gravity (tension) and may function in restoring a stem (PO:0009047) or branch (PO:0025073) that is leaning to its original position. Found in angiosperms. Secondary xylem tracheary elements (PO:0025445) in tension wood are often longer than the tracheary elements in non-tension wood of the same plant. The gelatinous fiber cells found in reaction wood have a cell wall inner layer (G layer) that contains abundant cellulose and is poor in lignin.
tepal [
PO:0009033; plant anatomy term ]
A phyllome (PO:0006001) that is part of a perianth (PO:0009058) where it is not possible to distinguish between the petals (PO:0009032) and sepals (PO:0009031).
More Synonyms: 花被片 (Japanese), tépalo (Spanish)
Comments: There is no differentiation between the petals (PO:0009032) and the sepals (PO:0009031) in color, placement, and size (e.g. some species of Magnolia).
tepal abaxial epidermis [
PO:0025192; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of tepal epidermis that covers the abaxial/lower surface of a tepal.
More Synonyms: epidermis abaxial del tépalo (Spanish), 花被片背軸側 表皮 (Japanese)
Comments:
tepal adaxial epidermis [
PO:0025193; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of tepal epidermis that covers the adaxial/upper surface of a tepal.
More Synonyms: epidermis adaxail del tépalo (Spanish), 花被片向軸側 表皮 (Japanese)
Comments:
tepal apex [
PO:0025143; plant anatomy term ]
A phyllome apex PO:0025139) that is part of a tepal (PO:0009033).
More Synonyms: ápice del tépalo (Spanish), compound tepal lobe, 花被片頂 (Japanese), free tepal apex
Comments: It is not precisely defined how far toward the base from the tip a tepal apex extends. For the apical most portion of a tepal, use the term tepal tip.
tepal base [
PO:0025148; plant anatomy term ]
A phyllome base (PO:0025140) that is part of a tepal (PO:0009033).
More Synonyms: base del tépalo (Spanish), 花被片基部 (Japanese)
Comments:
tepal epidermis [
PO:0025184; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of phyllome epidermis that is part of a tepal (PO:0009033).
More Synonyms: epidermis del tépalo (Spanish), 花被片表皮 (Japanese)
Comments:
tepal margin [
PO:0025015; plant anatomy term ]
The margin of a tepal (PO:0009033).
More Synonyms: 花被片縁 (Japanese), margen del tépalo (Spanish)
Comments:
tepal stomatal complex [
PO:0025221; plant anatomy term ]
A phyllome stomatal complex that is part of a tepal (PO:0009033).
More Synonyms: complejo estomático del tépalo (Spanish), 花被片気孔装置 (Japanese), tepal epidermal stomatal complex, tepal epidermis stomatal complex
Comments:
tepal tip [
PO:0025151; plant anatomy term ]
A phyllome tip that is part of a tepal apex.
More Synonyms: 花被片先端 (Japanese), punta del tépalo (Spanish)
Comments: This term is to be used for only the apical most portion of a tepal. For a larger area, use the term tepal apex. Use this term when describing the shape of a tepal tip.
tepal trichome [
PO:0025188; plant anatomy term ]
A phyllome trichome that is part of a tepal epidermis.
More Synonyms: 花被片毛(毛茸、糸状体) (Japanese), tricoma de la epidermis del tépalo (Spanish)
Comments:
tepal vascular system [
PO:0025207; plant anatomy term ]
A phyllome vascular system (PO:0025206) that includes the totality of the portions of vascular tissue in their specific arrangement in a tepal (PO:0009033).
More Synonyms: 花被片維管系 (Japanese), sistema vascular del tépalo (Spanish)
Comments:
terete vascular leaf [
PO:0025334; plant anatomy term ]
A unifacial leaf that is round in cross section throughout all of part of the length of the leaf.
More Synonyms: 維管束系円柱形葉 (Japanese), hoja cilíndrica, hoja cilíndrica EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] (Spanish), terete leaf
Comments: The surface of a terete leaf corresponds to either the adaxial or abaxial surface of a normal leaf.
terminal bud [
PO:0004713; plant anatomy term ]
A bud that develops from a shoot apical meristem.
More Synonyms: 頂芽 (Japanese), yema terminal (Spanish)
Comments:
terminal flower bud [
PO:0004714; plant anatomy term ]
A terminal bud that develops into a flower.
More Synonyms: 頂花芽 (Japanese), terminal floral bud, yema floral terminal (Spanish)
Comments:
terminal inflorescence bud [
PO:0004715; plant anatomy term ]
A terminal reproductive bud develops into an inflorescence.
More Synonyms: 花序頂芽 (Japanese), yema de inflorescencia terminal (Spanish)
Comments:
terminal reproductive bud [
PO:0025071; plant anatomy term ]
A terminal bud that develops into a reproductive structure.
More Synonyms: 生殖型頂芽 (Japanese), yema terminal reproductiva (Spanish)
Comments:
terminal strobilus bud [
PO:0025077; plant anatomy term ]
A terminal reproductive bud that develops into a strobilus.
More Synonyms: 頂果芽 (Japanese), yema de estróbilo terminal (Spanish)
Comments:
terminal vegetative bud [
PO:0004716; plant anatomy term ]
A terminal bud (PO:0004713) that develops into a shoot system (PO:0009006) that has as organ parts only vegetative organs.
More Synonyms: yema vegetativa terminal (Spanish), 栄養成長型頂芽 (Japanese)
Comments:
tertiary leaf vein [
PO:0008021; plant anatomy term ]
A leaf lamina vein (PO:0020138) arising from a secondary leaf vein (PO:0020140).
More Synonyms: cross-vein, third order leaf vein, veinlet, vena terciaria (Spanish), 三次葉脈 (Japanese)
Comments: Vein orders only apply to hierarchically branching vein patterns, not to dichotomously branching vein patterns, as found in some ferns and gymnosperms.
testa [
PO:0020057; plant anatomy term ]
That part of the seed coat that develops from the outer integument, or from the single integument when there is only one.
More Synonyms: portion of testa tissue, testa (Spanish), testae, 外種皮 (Japanese)
Comments:
tetrad of megaspores [
PO:0025227; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue consisting of four megaspores that remained joined together shortly after meiosis. One cell will give rise to a female gametophyte.
More Synonyms: tétrada de megasporas (Spanish), 大胞子の四分子 (Japanese)
Comments: Usually only one of the four megaspores develops and the other three die.
tetrad of microspores [
PO:0000032; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue consisting of four microspores that remained joined together shortly after meiosis. Each cell will give rise to a male gametophyte.
More Synonyms: tétrada de las microsporas (Spanish), 小胞子の四分子 小胞子四分子 (Japanese)
Comments:
tetrarch protoxylem [
PO:0025561; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of root exarch protoxylem (PO:0025555) tissue in which the primary xylem (PO:0005849) of the root system (PO:0025025) has four protoxylem strands or poles, and differentiation progresses centripetally, with the oldest elements (protoxylem) farthest from the center of the plant axis (PO:0025004).
More Synonyms: protoxilema tetrarco (Spanish), 四原型原生木部 (Japanese)
Comments:
thallus [
PO:0030027; plant anatomy term ]
A whole plant in the gametophytic phase that has a flat growth form and no distinct organs.
More Synonyms: 葉状体 (Japanese), prothallium, talo (Spanish), thalli
Comments: A thallus is a gametophyte of liverworts and pteridophytes and develops from a short-lived protonema. Roughly two dimensional growth results from division of a single apical cell. Thalli may be ribbon or heart shaped or almost filamentous. Although there are no distinct organs, there may be tissue differentiation and dichotomous branching.
thallus meristematic apical cell [
PO:0030025; plant anatomy term ]
A gametophyte apical cell that is part of a thallus.
More Synonyms: célula apical del talo (Spanish), 葉状体分裂組織の頂端細胞 (Japanese), thallus apical cell, thallus apical initial
Comments:
third order inflorescence branch [
PO:0025105; plant anatomy term ]
An inflorescence branch (PO:0009081) arising from a second order inflorescence branch (PO:0006322).
More Synonyms: 第三花序分枝 (Japanese), fourth order inflorescence axis, rama de tercer orden de la inflorescencia (Spanish), tertiary inflorescence branch, third order paraclade
Comments:
third order infructescence branch [
PO:0025114; plant anatomy term ]
An infructescence branch (PO:0025243) arising from a second order infructescence branch (PO:0025113).
More Synonyms: 第三果序分枝 (Japanese), ramificacion de tercer orden de la infructescencia (Spanish)
Comments:
thorn [
PO:0025172; plant anatomy term ]
A branch that is a sclerified, pointed outgrowth.
More Synonyms: とげ(spine, prickle) (Japanese), barb, barbel, barbella, barbellae, barbellula, barbellulae, barbellule, espina (Spanish)
Comments: A thorn is a short, pointed (PATO:0002258) woody structure, may be branched.
tile cell [
PO:0004530; plant anatomy term ]
Empty upright ray cell of approximately the same height as the procumbent ray cell and occurring in indeterminate horizontal series usually interspersed among the procumbent cells.
More Synonyms: タイル細胞 (Japanese), célula de baldoza B (Spanish)
Comments:
tmema [
PO:0030061; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that has as parts tmema cells (PO:0030059).
More Synonyms: tmema (Japanese), tmema (Spanish)
Comments: Found in bryophytes at the base of a gemma (PO:0025614). Participates in abscission of the gemma.
tmema cell [
PO:0030059; plant anatomy term ]
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) at the base of a gemma (PO:0025614) or adjacent to a brachycyte (PO:0030058) that breaks down to allow abscission of the gemma or brachycyte.
More Synonyms: brachytmema cell, célula del tmema (Spanish), dlichotmema cell, tmema細胞 (Japanese)
Comments: May be a single cell adjacent to a brachycyte (PO:0030058) or part of a portion of tmema tissue.
tracheary element [
PO:0000290; plant anatomy term ]
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that has a lignified cell wall with secondary thickening and bordered pits.
More Synonyms: 管状要素 (Japanese), elemento de traqueida (Spanish)
Comments: Tracheary elements are dead at maturity, are more or less elongated, and have pits of various types in the cell wall. Tracheary elements function in the conduction of water and dissolved substances such as mineral nutrients from the roots to the shoot system. Tracheary elements can be distinguished from fiber cells (PO:0025407) by the presence of bordered pits, although there are intermediate forms called fiber tracheids (PO:0000355).
tracheid [
PO:0000301; plant anatomy term ]
A tracheary element (PO:0000290) that has no perforations in its cell wall.
More Synonyms: traqueida (Spanish), 仮導管 (Japanese)
Comments: May have any of the kinds of secondary wall thickenings found in tracheary elements. The area of contact between two tracheids has only bordered pits, whereas in vessel members (PO:0002003), it has openings in the cell wall called perforations, organized into perforation plates (term has been requested in GO).
tracheid bar [
PO:0019026; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of xylem (PO:0005352) tissue that is a distinct ring-like structure composed of tracheids (PO:0000301), that is part of a seed (PO:0009010) and surrounds the hilum (PO:0020063) and forms a groove in the surface of the pericarp (PO:0009084) immediately adjacent to the hilum.
More Synonyms: barra de la traqueida (Spanish), 仮導管の筋、縞 (Japanese)
Comments: Found some taxa, such as Phaseolus.
transfer cell [
PO:0000078; plant anatomy term ]
A cell with wall ingrowths (or invaginations) that increase the surface of the plasmalemma.
More Synonyms: célula de transferencia (Spanish), 転送細胞 (Japanese)
Comments: Appear to be specialized for short-distance transfer of solutes. Transfer cells can occur anywhere there is a junction between two individuals, such as between a sporophyte and a gametophyte, or between a parasitic plant and its host.
transfer companion cell [
PO:0025458; plant anatomy term ]
A companion cell (PO:0000400) that is a transfer cell (PO:0000078) with many cell wall invaginations.
More Synonyms: célula de trasnferencia acompañante (Spanish), 転送伴細胞 (Japanese), transfer cell
Comments: Plasmodesmata between a transfer companion cell and adjacent mesophyll cells may be few in number. Transfer companion cells are found in plants that use apoplastic phloem loading. Unlike sieve tube elements (PO:0000289), transfer companion cells retain their nuclei and other organelles at maturity.
transition phyllode leaf [
PO:0025336; plant anatomy term ]
A transition vascular leaf in which the basal portion of the leaf has unifacial lamina development in a median plane, similar to a phyllode, and the apical portion of the leaf develops leaflets similar to a juvenile leaf.
More Synonyms: 移行期の葉化葉 (Japanese), filodio transicional, filodio transicional EXACT Spanish [POC:Maria_Alejandra_Gandolfo] (Spanish), transition phyllode
Comments: Common in seedlings of legumes of the genus Acacia. May also occur later, after the plant has begun to produce phyllodes.
transition vascular leaf [
PO:0008018; plant anatomy term ]
A vascular leaf that is part of an heteroblastic series, and is characterized by anatomical features that are intermediate between juvenile and adult leaves.
More Synonyms: 維管束植物の幼葉と成熟葉の移行期の葉 (Japanese), hoja de transición (Spanish)
Comments: Many species have juvenile leaves at the base of the stem, adult leaves at the apex, and transition leaves in between. In maize, juvenile leaves are at the tip of the stalk (stem), which differentiates first, with adult leaves at the base, while other grasses may have other arrangements. Transition leaves may have mosaics of juvenile and adult tissues, as in Brachypodium.
transition zone [
PO:0003000; plant anatomy term ]
A region of the root between the meristem and the region of rapid elongation in which isodiametric growth (cell expansion) occurs.
More Synonyms: 移行領域、移行帯、移行域 (Japanese), zona de transición (Spanish)
Comments:
triarch protoxylem [
PO:0025560; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of root exarch protoxylem (PO:0025555) tissue in which the primary xylem (PO:0005849) of the root system (PO:0025025) has three protoxylem strands or poles, and differentiation progresses centripetally, with the oldest elements (protoxylem) farthest from the center of the plant axis (PO:0025004).
More Synonyms: protoxilema triarco (Spanish), 三原型原生木部 (Japanese)
Comments:
trichoblast [
PO:0000262; plant anatomy term ]
A root epidermal cell that is the smaller cell produced by the asymmetric division of an epidermal intial and gives rise to a root hair.
More Synonyms: hair cell, tricoblasto (Spanish), 根毛形成細胞、トリコブラスト (Japanese)
Comments:
trichome [
PO:0000282; plant anatomy term ]
A unicellular or multicellular plant structure (PO:0009011) that forms a non-sclerified outgrowth from the epidermis (PO:0005679).
More Synonyms: barb trichome, bristle, capilli, capillus, cilia, cilium, glochid, glochidia, glochidium, hair, lepides, lepis, non-secretory trichome, PO:0004510, scale, seta, setae, squama, squamae, squamella, squamellae, squamule, tricoma (Spanish), 毛茸、糸状体、毛 (Japanese)
Comments: This class is the union of unicellular trichome (PO:0025537) and multicellular trichome (PO:0025162). A trichome can vary in length and shape and may be branched or unbranched. It may be glandular or non-secretory.
trichome apex [
PO:0025550; plant anatomy term ]
A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is the apical most portion of a trichome (PO:0000282).
More Synonyms: apice del tricoma (Spanish), トリコーム(毛茸、糸状体)頂端 (Japanese)
Comments: This term is the parent to the apex of a multicellular trichome (PO:0025162) or a unicellular trichome (PO:0025537), specifically, a multicellular trichome apex (PO:0025551) and an unicellular trichome apex (GO:0090552) which is a GO cellular component term.
trichome cell [
PO:0008030; plant anatomy term ]
A plant cell (PO:0009002) that is part of a multicellular trichome (PO:0000282).
More Synonyms: célula del tricoma (Spanish), 毛(毛茸、糸状体)細胞 (Japanese)
Comments:
trichome tip [
PO:0025549; plant anatomy term ]
A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is the apical most portion of a trichome apex (PO:0025550).
More Synonyms: トリコーム(毛茸、糸状体)先端 (Japanese), punta del tricoma (Spanish)
Comments: This term is the parent to the tip of a multicellular trichome (PO:0025162) or the tip of a unicellular trichome (PO:0025537), specifically, a multicellular trichome tip (PO:0025535) and a unicellular trichome tip (GO:0090553), which is a GO cellular component term.
tuber [
PO:0025522; plant anatomy term ]
A plant axis (PO:0025004) that is radially enlarged.
More Synonyms: 塊茎 (Japanese)
Comments: Functions in storage of photosynthate metabolites. May develop from a branch (PO:0025073) or a root (PO:0009005). If you are annotating to tuber, you should pick the more specific child term: shoot axis tuber (PO:0004543) or tuberous root tuber (PO:0025476).
tuber axillary shoot [
PO:0025003; plant anatomy term ]
An axillary shoot that develops from a tuber axillary bud.
More Synonyms: epiblasto (epiblastema) lateral de tubérculo (Spanish), 塊茎腋 分げつ (Japanese)
Comments:
tuber cortex [
PO:0025055; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of cortex (PO:0005708) that is part of a tuber storage parenchyma (PO:0025036).
More Synonyms: corteza del tubérculo (Spanish), 塊茎皮層 (Japanese)
Comments:
tuber interfascicular region [
PO:0025050; plant anatomy term ]
An interfascicular region that is part of a tuber storage parenchyma.
More Synonyms: región interfascicular de tubérculo (Spanish), tuber flesh, 塊茎維管束間領域 (Japanese)
Comments:
tuber perimedullary zone [
PO:0025061; plant anatomy term ]
A perimedullary zone (PO:0025058) that is part of a tuber pith (PO:0025052).
More Synonyms: tuber flesh, zona perimedular del tubérculo (Spanish), 塊茎髄冠 (Japanese)
Comments:
tuber pith [
PO:0025052; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of pith (PO:0006109) that is part of a tuber storage parenchyma (PO:0025036).
More Synonyms: médula del tubérculo (Spanish), tuber flesh, 塊茎髄 (Japanese)
Comments:
tuber storage parenchyma [
PO:0025036; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of storage parenchyma (PO:0025035) that is part of a tuber (PO:0025522).
More Synonyms: parénquima de reserva de tubérculo (Spanish), tuber flesh, 塊茎貯蔵柔組織 (Japanese)
Comments: This is the flesh of a tuber. See part_of children for individual components of tuber flesh. If you are annotating to this term, please add an additional annotation to either shoot axis tuber (PO:0004543) or tuberous root tuber (PO:0025476).
tubercle [
PO:0025352; plant anatomy term ]
An enlarged leaf base (PO:0020040) that is fused with adjacent shoot axis (PO:0025029) tissue.
More Synonyms: podaria, podarium, 小塊茎、塊根 (Japanese)
Comments: Found in cacti and other succulents. The upper part of a leaf from which a tubercle develops is usually shed early in development. Tubercles are often conical, but they may merge with those directly above and below to form ribs, as in saguaro (Carnegiea), or they may elongate, as in species of pincushion cacti (Mammillaria). In species with tubercles, the areole bud (PO:0025353) is often found at the distal end of the tubercle. The areole bud originates in the leaf axil (PO:0009023) of the leaf that becomes the tubercle, but is displaced to the tip through elongation of the tubercle.
tuberous root [
PO:0025523; plant anatomy term ]
A root (PO:0009005) that is radially enlarged relative to other lateral roots (PO:0020121) or shoot-borne roots (PO:0000042) on the same plant, but not as enlarged as a tuberous root tuber (PO:0025476).
More Synonyms: raiz tuberosa (Spanish), 塊茎根 (Japanese)
Comments:
tuberous root tuber [
PO:0025476; plant anatomy term ]
A tuber (PO:0004543) that develops from a tuberous root (PO:0025523) and is further radially enlarged.
More Synonyms: raíz tubercular (Spanish), root tuber, storage root, tuber root, 塊茎根の塊茎(Japanese)
Comments: Functions in storage. This term should be used for tubers derived from roots (PO:0009005), as found in Cassava or sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), not for tubers derived from branches (PO:0025073), as found in potatoes and yams. Use the term shoot axis tuber (PO:0004543), aerial tuber (PO:0004548), or subterranean tuber (PO:0004547) for tubers derived from branches. A tuberous root tuber may be distinguished from a tuber that is derived from a branch by the presence of a root cap (PO:0020123) early in development, or the presence of lateral roots (PO:0020121) or their remnants. Sometimes tuber roots bear vegetative buds (PO:0000058) like a tuber derived from a branch. A tuberous root tuber usually develops from a shoot-borne root (PO:0000042) or a lateral root (PO:0020121).