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Glossary of Plant Anatomy

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callus parenchyma cell [PO:0025285; plant anatomy term ]
A parenchyma cell that is part of a plant callus.
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calyptra calyx [PO:0025329; plant anatomy term ]
A fused calyx (PO:0025582) that is composed of fused sepals (PO:0025584).
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calyptra corolla [PO:0025330; plant anatomy term ]
A fused corolla (PO:0025581) that is composed of fused petals (PO:0025583).
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calyx [PO:0009060; plant anatomy term ]
A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) that is composed of one or more sepals (PO:0009031), and comprises the outer whorl of non-reproductive floral organs (PO:0025395).
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cambial initial cell [PO:0000295; plant anatomy term ]
An initial cell (PO:0004011) that is part of the vascular cambium (PO:0005598) or cork cambium (PO:0005599), and by periclinal divisions, produces cells to the outside or inside of the cambial axis.
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cambial zone [PO:0025439; plant anatomy term ]
A cardinal organ part (PO:0025001) that is part of a plant axis (PO:0025004) and has as parts a cambium (PO:0005597) and adjacent cells.
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cambium [PO:0005597; plant anatomy term ]
A lateral meristem (PO:0020145) that has as part a single layer of cambial initial cells (PO:0000295) and their derivatives, arranged orderly in radial files.
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canal [PO:0025132; plant anatomy term ]
A plant anatomical space (PO:0025117) that is either a groove on the surface, or a tube in the interior of a plant structure (PO:0009011).
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cardinal organ part [PO:0025001; plant anatomy term ]
A cardinal part of multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025498) that is a proper part of a plant organ (PO:0009008) and includes portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007) of at least two different types.
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cardinal part of multi-tissue plant structure [PO:0025498; plant anatomy term ]
A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is a proper part of a multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025496) and includes portions of plant tissues (PO:0009007) of at least two different types.
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carpel [PO:0009030; plant anatomy term ]
A megasporophyll, almost always at the center of a flower, its margins more or less fused together or with other carpels to enclose the ovule(s).
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carpel anlagen [PO:0006005; plant anatomy term ]
A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a carpel primordium (PO:0004703) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of a flower meristem (PO:0000229).
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carpel epidermis [PO:0025096; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of phyllome epidermis that is part of a carpel.
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carpel margin [PO:0025019; plant anatomy term ]
The margin of a carpel.
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carpel primordium [PO:0004703; plant anatomy term ]
A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a carpel anlagen (PO:0006005) and is committed to the development of a carpel (PO:0009030).
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carpel stomatal complex [PO:0025217; plant anatomy term ]
A phyllome stomatal complex that is part of a carpel.
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carpel trichome [PO:0025208; plant anatomy term ]
A phyllome trichome that is part of a bract epidermis.
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carpel vascular system [PO:0005019; plant anatomy term ]
A phyllome vascular system that includes the totality of the portions of vascular tissue in their specific arrangement in a carpel.
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caruncle [PO:0020060; plant anatomy term ]
An arilloid that is an outgrowth of a seed next to the micropyle.
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caryopsis hull [PO:0006000; plant anatomy term ]
A collective phyllome structure that encloses a fruit of the Poaceae (caryopsis) and develops from a dried lemma and palea.
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cauline axillary shoot [PO:0005002; plant anatomy term ]
An axillary branch that forms from a leaf above the very base of the shoot.
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cauline leaf [PO:0000013; plant anatomy term ]
A vascular leaf (PO:0009025), borne on the stem (PO:0009047).
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cauline paraclade [PO:0025547; plant anatomy term ]
A primary inflorescence branch (PO:0006321) borne on the elongated first order inflorescence axis (PO:0025104).
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caulonema [PO:0030005; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of protonema tissue that consists of only caulonema cells.
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caulonema cell [PO:0030002; plant anatomy term ]
A chlorenchyma cell that is part of a caulonema and has cross walls of adjacent cells that are oblique to the protonema axis.
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caulonema meristematic apical cell [PO:0030081; plant anatomy term ]
A protonema meristematic apical cell that is part of a caulonema.
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cellular endosperm [PO:0000199; plant anatomy term ]
Endosperm in which the first karyokinesis event is accompanied by cytokinesis.
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centarch protoxylem [PO:0025552; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of protoxylem (PO:0000272) tissue in which the maturation of primary xylem of the shoot system progresses centrifugally with the oldest elements (protoxylem) in the center of the axis.
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central endosperm [PO:0006220; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue that is the central region of an endosperm, composed of cells that are significantly larger than those at the periphery, especially the aleurone and sub-aleurone layers.
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central root cap [PO:0020130; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of root parenchyma tissue that is the central part of a root cap in which the cells are arranged in longitudinal files.
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central root cap of lateral root [PO:0003019; plant anatomy term ]
A central root cap that is part of a root cap of lateral root.
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central root cap of primary root [PO:0003021; plant anatomy term ]
A central root cap that is part of a root cap of primary root.
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central spike of ear inflorescence [PO:0006505; plant anatomy term ]
A first order inflorescence axis (PO:0025104) that is the central axis of an ear inflorescence (PO:0020136).
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central spike of tassel inflorescence [PO:0006324; plant anatomy term ]
A first order inflorescence axis (PO:0025104) that is the central axis of a tassel inflorescence (PO:0020126).
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central strand [PO:0030051; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue that is an axial strand in the center of a gametophore axis or seta and has as part a hydrome or a leptome.
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central zone [PO:0000224; plant anatomy term ]
An area of densely packed cells in the shoot apex that divide infrequently.
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central zone of the leaf lamina [PO:0008020; plant anatomy term ]
Region that includes the widest or majority portion of leaf lamina and that does not include leaf apex and leaf lamina base.
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central zone of the petiole [PO:0008025; plant anatomy term ]
Regions of the petiole that does not include petiole distal end and petiole proximal end.
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ceonosorus [PO:0025360; plant anatomy term ]
A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) on the surface of a vascular leaf that has as parts two or more fused sori (PO:0025359).
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chalaza [PO:0020026; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that is the region in a plant ovule (PO:0020003) where the integuments (PO:0020021) and the nucellus (PO:0020020) join with the funicule (PO:0020006).
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chalazal cyst [PO:0000201; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue that is the part of the endosperm nearest the chalazal region of the ovule and forming a cyst-like structure.
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chlorenchyma [PO:0005426; plant anatomy term ]
Chloroplast-containing parenchyma tissue.
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chlorenchyma cell [PO:0000076; plant anatomy term ]
A parenchyma cell containing chloroplasts; a component of leaf mesophyll and other green parenchyma tissue.
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chloronema [PO:0030004; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of protonema tissue that consists of only chloronema cells.
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chloronema cell [PO:0030001; plant anatomy term ]
A chlorenchyma cell that is part of a chloronema and has cross walls of adjacent cells that are perpendicular to the protonema axis.
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chloronema meristematic apical cell [PO:0030082; plant anatomy term ]
A protonema meristematic apical cell that is part of a chloronema.
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cigar leaf [PO:0025130; plant anatomy term ]
A leaf near the apex of a stem that is still rolled into a cylinder.
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cigar leaf lamina abaxial epidermis [PO:0025135; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of leaf lamina abaxial epidermis that covers the abaxial surface of a cigar leaf.
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cladode [PO:0025354; plant anatomy term ]
A shoot axis that is flattened and expanded.
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coleoptile [PO:0020033; plant anatomy term ]
A sheath-like plant organ (PO:0009008) that surrounds the plumule (PO:0020032) of a plant embryo (PO:0009009) or the emerging shoot apex (PO:0000037) of a seedling.
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coleorhiza [PO:0020034; plant anatomy term ]
A sheath-like plant organ (PO:0009008) that surrounds the radicle (PO:0020031) of a plant embryo (PO:0009009) or the emerging root (PO:0009005) of a seedling (PO:0000003).
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collective leaf structure [PO:0025022; plant anatomy term ]
A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) composed of two or more leaves (PO:0025034).
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collective organ part structure [PO:0025269; plant anatomy term ]
A collective plant structure (PO:0025497) composed of two or more cardinal organ parts (PO:0025001) that are part of adjacent plant organs (PO:0009008) and any associated portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007).
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collective phyllome structure [PO:0025023; plant anatomy term ]
A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that consists of two or more phyllomes (PO:0006001) originating from the same node or from one or more adjacent nodes with compressed shoot internodes (PO:0005005).
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collective plant organ structure [PO:0025007; plant anatomy term ]
A collective plant structure (PO:0025497) that is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003), and is composed of two or more adjacent plant organs (PO:0009008) and the associated portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007).
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collective plant structure [PO:0025497; plant anatomy term ]
A plant structure (PO:0009011) that is a proper part of a whole plant (PO:0000003) and includes two or more adjacent plant organs (PO:0009008) or adjacent cardinal organ parts (PO:0025001), along with any associated portions of plant tissue (PO:0009007).
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collective tepal structure [PO:0025021; plant anatomy term ]
A perianth (PO:0009058) consisting of one or more tepals (PO:0009033).
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collenchyma [PO:0005423; plant anatomy term ]
Living tissue composed of more or less elongated cells with thick non-lignified primary cell walls.
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collenchyma cell [PO:0000075; plant anatomy term ]
An elongated plant cell with unevenly thickened non-lignified primary walls that is alive at maturity.
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columella [PO:0025230; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue that forms the central axis of a plant structure such as a fruit or moss capsule.
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columella root cap cell [PO:0020132; plant anatomy term ]
Cell that constitutes the central part of the root cap, arranged in longitudinal files.
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columella root cap initial cell [PO:0020133; plant anatomy term ]
A root initial cell that produces columella cells in the root cap. In direct contact with quiescent center.
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coma [PO:0020061; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of seed coat epidermis that consists of multiple seed trichomes at the micropyle.
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companion cell [PO:0000071; plant anatomy term ]
A parenchyma cell (PO:0000074) that is adjacent to a sieve tube element (PO:0000289) and arises from the same phloem mother cell (PO:0000400) as the sieve tube element.
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compound leaf [PO:0020043; plant anatomy term ]
A leaf having two or more distinct leaflets that are evident as such from early in development.
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compression wood [PO:0025473; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of reaction wood (PO:0025472) found on the lower side of a shoot axis (PO:0025029) that is or was angled away from vertical and that has as parts heavily lignified tracheids (PO:0000301) with a specialized S2 layer that contains more lignin and has a larger (more horizontal) microfibril angle.
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connective [PO:0009068; plant anatomy term ]
The part of the stamen that connects the microsporangia/pollen sacs.
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cork cambium [PO:0005599; plant anatomy term ]
A cambium (PO:0005597) that is part of a periderm (PO:0005046) and produces phellem (PO:0004003) and phelloderm (PO:0005050).
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corm [PO:0025355; plant anatomy term ]
A shoot system (PO:0009006) that has as parts a short, enlarged stem (PO:0009047) in which the shoot internodes (PO:0005005) do not elongate, and one or more buds (PO:0000055).
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corolla [PO:0009059; plant anatomy term ]
A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) that is composed of one or more petals (PO:0009032), comprising the inner whorl of non-reproductive floral organs (PO:0025395) and surrounds the androecium (PO:0009061) and the gynoecium (PO:0009062).
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corolla spur [PO:0025512; plant anatomy term ]
A collective organ part structure (PO:0025269) that is a slender, hollow extension of a corolla and has as parts segments of two more fused petals.
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cortex [PO:0005708; plant anatomy term ]
A maximal portion of ground tissue (PO:0025059) between the vascular system (PO:0000034) and the epidermis (PO:0005679) in a plant.
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costa [PO:0030072; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that is a single or double strand in the center of a non-vascular leaf and has as part hydrome (PO:0030047) or leptome (PO:0030048).
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cotyledon [PO:0020030; plant anatomy term ]
A vascular leaf (PO:0009025) formed at the first shoot node (PO:0005004) of a plant embryo (PO:0009009) or a seedling (PO:0000003).
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cotyledon abaxial epidermis [PO:0006057; plant anatomy term ]
The abaxial/lower epidermal cell layer of the cotyledon.
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cotyledon adaxial epidermis [PO:0006058; plant anatomy term ]
The adaxial/upper epidermal cell layer of the cotyledon.
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cotyledon anlagen [PO:0025432; plant anatomy term ]
A phyllome anlagen (PO:0025430) that will give rise to a cotyledon primordium (PO:0000015) and is part of a peripheral zone (PO:000225) of an embryo shoot apical meristem (PO:0006362).
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cotyledon epidermis [PO:0006056; plant anatomy term ]
A leaf epidermis that is part of a cotyledon.
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cotyledon margin [PO:0025012; plant anatomy term ]
The margin of a cotyledon.
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cotyledon primordium [PO:0000015; plant anatomy term ]
A phyllome primordium (PO:0025128) that develops from a cotyledon anlagen (PO:0025432) and is part of a vegetative shoot apex (PO:0025223) and is committed to the development of a cotyledon (PO:0020030).
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cotyledon vascular system [PO:0000035; plant anatomy term ]
A vascular system that is part of a cotyledon.
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cotyledonary node [PO:0025321; plant anatomy term ]
A stem node from which one or more cotyledons grow.
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cotyledonary node rhizoid [PO:0025320; plant anatomy term ]
An epidermal rhizoid that grows form a cotyledonary node.
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crown root [PO:0000043; plant anatomy term ]
A shoot-borne nodal root (PO:0003005) formed at a stem base (PO:0008039).
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cultured plant callus [PO:0000009; plant anatomy term ]
A plant callus (PO:0005052) grown or maintained in vitro.
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cultured plant cell [PO:0000005; plant anatomy term ]
A plant cell (PO:0009002) that is grown or maintained in vitro.
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cultured plant embryo [PO:0000010; plant anatomy term ]
A plant embryo (PO:0009009) that is grown or maintained in vitro.
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cultured somatic plant embryo [PO:0000011; plant anatomy term ]
A somatic plant embryo grown and maintained in vitro.
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cultured zygote-derived plant embryo [PO:0025304; plant anatomy term ]
A zygotic plant embryo that is grown or maintained in vitro.
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cuticular wax [PO:0025386; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant substance (PO:0025161) comprised predominantly of very long chain aliphatic lipids and is part of a plant cuticle (PO:0000022).
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cutin [PO:0025385; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant substance (PO:0025161) that is the inner layer of a plant cuticle (PO:0000022), and is composed of a polyester matrix of hydroxy- and hydroxy epoxy fatty acid C16 and C18 chains.
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