abaxial epidermis of ovary [
PO:0005023; plant anatomy term ]
The epidermal cell layer of the abaxial/outer surface of the ovary.
More Synonyms: epidermis abaxial del ovario (Spanish), 子房の裏側 背軸側の表皮 (Japanese)
Comments:
abaxial nucellar projection [
PO:0008009; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue that is the abaxial/lower portion of the nucellus overlying the vascular strands in the grass caryopsis.
More Synonyms: 背軸側珠心突起 (Japanese), proyección nucelar abaxial (Spanish)
Comments:
abaxial petiole canal [
PO:0025238; plant anatomy term ]
A petiole canal on the abaxial surface of a petiole.
More Synonyms: canal abaxial del pecíolo (Spanish), 背軸側葉柄管 (Japanese)
Comments:
abaxial protoderm [
PO:0006082; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of protoderm (PO:0006210) tissue that is the outermost layer of the shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148), and gives rise to the leaf abaxial epidermis (PO:0006019).
More Synonyms: 背軸側前表皮 (Japanese), portion of abaxial protoderm tissue, protodermis abaxial (Spanish)
Comments:
abscission zone [
PO:0000146; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that has as part a separation layer (PO:0006211) and a protective layer (PO:0006212), and is involved in the abscission (GO:0009838) of a fruit (PO:0009001), flower (PO:0009046), leaf (PO:0025034) or other plant structure (PO:0009011).
More Synonyms: abscission layer, 離層 (Japanese), zona de absición (Spanish)
Comments:
accessory paraclade [
PO:0025546; plant anatomy term ]
A primary inflorescence branch (PO:0006321) borne in the same axil (PO:0025224) as an existing primary inflorescence branch (PO:0006321).
More Synonyms: accessory second order inflorescence axis, paraclado accesorio (Spanish), 副(補助)側生分枝 (Japanese)
Comments:
adaxial epidermis of ovary [
PO:0005024; plant anatomy term ]
The epidermal cell layer of the adaxial/inner surface of the ovary.
More Synonyms: epidermis adaxial del ovario (Spanish), 子房の表側、向軸側の表皮 (Japanese)
Comments:
adaxial nucellar projection [
PO:0008010; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue that is the adaxial/upper portion of the nucellus overlying the vascular strands in the grass caryopsis.
More Synonyms: proyección nucelar adaxial (Spanish), 向軸側珠心突起 (Japanese)
Comments:
adaxial petiole canal [
PO:0025239; plant anatomy term ]
A petiole canal on the adaxial surface of a petiole.
More Synonyms: canal adaxial del pecíolo (Spanish), 向軸葉柄管 (Japanese)
Comments:
adaxial protoderm [
PO:0006083; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of protoderm (PO:0006210) tissue that is the outermost layer of the shoot apical meristem (PO:0020148), and gives rise to the leaf adaxial epidermis (PO:0006018).
More Synonyms: portion of adaxial protoderm tissue, protodermis adaxial (Spanish), 向軸側前表皮 (Japanese)
Comments:
adult vascular leaf [
PO:0006340; plant anatomy term ]
A vascular leaf characterized by particular anatomical traits namely, wax and trichome distribution, presence or absence of epidermal cell types, cell wall shape and biochemistry.
More Synonyms: 維管束系の成葉 (Japanese), hoja adulta (Spanish)
Comments: Many species have juvenile leaves at the base of the stem, adult leaves at the apex, and transition leaves in between. In maize, juvenile leaves are at the tip of the stalk (stem), which differentiates first, with adult leaves at the base, while other grasses may have other arrangements. In some plants the juvenile leaves may go on to establish as adult leaves.
adventitious root nodule [
PO:0000040; plant anatomy term ]
Enlargement or swelling at position of dormant adventitious root primordium (on the stem), inhabited by nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
More Synonyms: nódulo de la raíz adventicia (Spanish), stem primordium, 不定根根粒 (Japanese)
Comments: Unlike the root nodules, these contain functioning chloroplasts in the nodule cortex and are therefore capable of carbon fixation. Note: stem nodule is commonly used term for this structure, although the nodules are formed at positions of dormant adventitious root primordia.
adventitious shoot axis [
PO:0025534; plant anatomy term ]
A shoot axis (PO:00025029) that develops in an unusual place.
More Synonyms: eje adventicio del epiblasto (Spanish), 不定シュート軸 (Japanese)
Comments:
aerenchyma [
PO:0005702; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of parenchyma tissue containing particularly large intercellular spaces of schizogenous or lysigenous origin.
More Synonyms: aerénquima (Spanish), 通気組織 (Japanese), portion of aerenchyma tissue
Comments: As applied to an intercellular space, originating by one or a combination of two processes, separation and degradation of cell walls.
aerial tuber [
PO:0004548; plant anatomy term ]
A shoot axis tuber (PO:0004543) that develops above ground.
More Synonyms: むかご(珠芽)propagule (Japanese), tubérculo aéreo (Spanish)
Comments:
aerial tuber axillary bud meristem [
PO:0025069; plant anatomy term ]
A tuber axillary bud meristem that is part of an aerial tuber.
More Synonyms: むかご(珠芽)腋芽分裂組織 (Japanese), meristema axilar de yema de tubérculo aéreo (Spanish)
Comments:
aerial tuber axillary shoot [
PO:0025079; plant anatomy term ]
An axillary shoot that develops from an aerial tuber axillary bud.
More Synonyms: むかご(珠芽)腋枝 (Japanese), epiblasto (epiblastema) axilar de tubérculo aéreo (Spanish)
Comments:
aerial tuber axillary vegetative bud [
PO:0025041; plant anatomy term ]
A tuber axillary vegetative bud that is part of an aerial tuber.
More Synonyms: むかご(珠芽)腋枝芽 (Japanese), yema vegetativa axilar de tubérculo aéreo (Spanish)
Comments:
aerial tuber cortex [
PO:0025056; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of tuber cortex that is part of an aerial tuber storage parenchyma.
More Synonyms: むかご(珠芽)皮層 (Japanese), corteza del tubérculo aéreo (Spanish)
Comments:
aerial tuber epidermis [
PO:0025047; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of tuber epidermis that is part of an aerial tuber.
More Synonyms: むかご(珠芽)表皮 (Japanese), epidermis de tubérculo aéreo (Spanish)
Comments:
aerial tuber interfascicular region [
PO:0025051; plant anatomy term ]
A tuber interfascicular region that is part of an aerial tuber storage parenchyma.
More Synonyms: むかご(珠芽)維管束間領域 (Japanese), región interfascicular de tubérculo aéreo (Spanish)
Comments:
aerial tuber periderm [
PO:0025044; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of tuber periderm that is part of an aerial tuber.
More Synonyms: むかご(珠芽)周皮 (Japanese), peridermis de tubérculo aéreo (Spanish)
Comments:
aerial tuber perimedullary zone [
PO:0025062; plant anatomy term ]
A tuber perimedullary zone that is part of an aerial tuber pith.
More Synonyms: むかご(珠芽)髄冠 (Japanese), zona perimedular del tubérculo aéreo (Spanish)
Comments:
aerial tuber pith [
PO:0025054; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of tuber pith (PO:0025052) that is part of an aerial tuber storage parenchyma (PO:0025039).
More Synonyms: むかご(珠芽)髄 (Japanese), médula del tubérculo aéreo (Spanish)
Comments:
aerial tuber storage parenchyma [
PO:0025039; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of tuber storage parenchyma (PO:0025036) that is part of an aerial tuber (PO:0004548).
More Synonyms: むかご(珠芽)貯蔵柔組織 (Japanese), parénquima de reserva de tubérculo aéreo (Spanish)
Comments: See part_of children for individual components of aerial tuber flesh.
alar cell [
PO:0030057; plant anatomy term ]
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) located at the base of a non-vascular leaf (PO:0025075) adjacent to where the leaf attaches to the stem (PO:0009047).
More Synonyms: célula alar (Spanish), 翼細胞 (Japanese)
Comments: Found in mosses. Alar cells occur in an area at the base of a leaf that may be triangular, ovate or rectangular and is sometimes called the alar region. They are different in size, shape, color, thickness, or ornamentation from other cells in the leaf.
albuminous cell [
PO:0025412; plant anatomy term ]
A parenchyma cell (PO:0000074) that is morphologically and physiologically associated with a sieve cell (PO:0025415) but does is not derived from the same initial cell (PO:0004011) as the sieve cell.
More Synonyms: célula albuminosa (Spanish), 有胚乳細胞 (Japanese)
Comments: May be found in the ray system (PO:0025411) and sometimes the axial system (PO:0025410) of gymnosperms. Compare to companion cells (PO:0000071), which are found in angiosperms.
aleurone layer [
PO:0005360; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue that is the outermost layer of endosperm in a seed, its cells being characterized by presence of protein bodies containing seed storage proteins.
More Synonyms: capa de aleurona (Spanish), 糊粉粒、アリューロン層 (Japanese), fruit aleurone layer, PO:0008004
Comments:
amphithecium [
PO:0030084; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue that is the outer layer or layers of a sporangium early in sporangium development.
More Synonyms: anfitecio (Spanish), アンフィテシウム細胞 (Japanese)
Comments: Term used for bryophytes. May have one or more layers. An amphithecium may give rise to an exothecium and other layers of a sporangium wall (jacket layer or layers). In true mosses, the amphithecium gives rise to the sporangium wall and the peristome. In hornworts and peat mosses, it gives rise to the sporangium wall and sporogenous tissue.
androecium [
PO:0009061; plant anatomy term ]
A collective phyllome structure (PO:0025023) composed all of the stamens (PO:0009029) in a flower (PO:0009046).
More Synonyms: androecia, androecio (Spanish), androecium column, androecium of ear floret, androecium of lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear, androecium of lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear, androecium of lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel, androecium of tassel floret, androecium of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear, androecium of upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel, androecium of upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear, androecium of upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel, 雄蕊群 (Japanese), PO:0006355, PO:0006366, PO:0006383, PO:0006392, PO:0006393, PO:0006405, PO:0006406, PO:0006419, PO:0006420, PO:0006421, PO:0006422, PO:0006471, Poaceae androecium, Zea androecium
Comments: The androecium also has as parts any staminodes (PO:0009077) that may be present in a flower. If annotating gene expression to an androecium with a single stamen (PO:0009029), the annotation should go on stamen. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), ear floret (PO:0006354), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006353), lower floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006351), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of ear (PO:0006350), upper floret of sessile spikelet of ear (PO:0006352), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316). The development of an androecium in an ear floret of a normal maize plant is aborted and is present in a rudimentary state, while the development of an androecium in a tassel floret leads to a functional androecium.
androecium primordium [
PO:0025478; plant anatomy term ]
A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an androecium (PO:0009061).
More Synonyms: 雄蕊群原基(可視的) (Japanese), portion of androecium primordium tissue, primordium del androecio (Spanish)
Comments: Use stamen primordium (PO:0004705) for the primordium (PO:0025127) of an individual stamen (PO:0009029).
anther [
PO:0009066; plant anatomy term ]
A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that is the pollen-bearing part of a stamen (PO:0009029).
More Synonyms: antera (Spanish), PO:0006442, PO:0006473, Poaceae anther, Zea anther, 半葯,花粉のう (Japanese)
Comments: Generally consists of four pollen sacs (microsporangia) in two anther thecas. If you are annotating to anther or one of its parts for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316).
anther dehiscence zone [
PO:0005011; plant anatomy term ]
A dehiscence zone that is part of an anther.
More Synonyms: 開葯帯 (Japanese), zona de dehiscencia de la antera (Spanish)
Comments: Extends along the entire length of the anther and is observed as an indentation between the locules of each theca. Upon anther maturation, cell separation within the dehiscence zone allows the anther wall to break open and pollen to be released.
anther locule [
PO:0025264; plant anatomy term ]
A sporangium locule that is part of an anther and is a cavity within a single pollen sac or two or more fused pollen sacs.
More Synonyms: 葯室 (Japanese), lóculo del esporangio (Spanish), pollen sac locule, sporophyll locule
Comments:
anther pore [
PO:0025118; plant anatomy term ]
A plant anatomical space that is a pore at the apex of an anther.
More Synonyms: 葯頂の孔 (Japanese), poro de la antera (Spanish)
Comments: Pollen may be released through the anther pore.
anther primordium [
PO:0006089; plant anatomy term ]
A floral structure primordium (PO:0025477) that is committed to the development of an anther (PO:0009066).
More Synonyms: 葯原基(可視的) (Japanese), portion of anther primordium tissue, primordio de la antera (Spanish)
Comments:
anther septum [
PO:0005010; plant anatomy term ]
A septum that is present in an anther dehiscence zone.
More Synonyms: anther dissepiment, 葯隔壁 (Japanese), septo de la antera (Spanish)
Comments:
anther theca [
PO:0009069; plant anatomy term ]
A collective plant organ structure (PO:0025007) that is part of an anther (PO:0009066) and consists of a pair of sporangia (PO:0025094) that dehisce down a common slit.
More Synonyms: anther thecae, 葯 (Japanese), PO:0006453, PO:0006478, Poaceae theca, teca (Spanish), Zea theca
Comments: If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316).
anther vascular system [
PO:0008013; plant anatomy term ]
A phyllome vascular system that includes the totality of the portions of vascular tissue in their specific arrangement in a anther.
More Synonyms: 葯維管系 (Japanese), sistema vascular de la antera (Spanish)
Comments:
anther wall [
PO:0000002; plant anatomy term ]
A microsporangium wall (PO:0025307) that is part of an anther (PO:0009066).
More Synonyms: 葯壁 (Japanese), pared de la antera (Spanish), PO:0006445, PO:0006477, Poaceae anther wall, pollen sac wall, Zea anther wall
Comments: Has an outer epidermis (exothecium) and an endothecium and may have additional layers. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316).
anther wall endothecium [
PO:0020002; plant anatomy term ]
An microsporangium endothecium (PO:0025309) that part of an anther wall (PO:0000002).
More Synonyms: anther sac hypodermis, endotecio de la pared the la antera (Spanish), 葯壁内皮 (Japanese), PO:0006446, PO:0006481, Poaceae endothecium, pollen sac endothecium, Zea endothecium
Comments: May have secondary thickening of walls of cells that are involved in anther dehiscence. There can be more than one layer in an anther endothecium. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316).
anther wall exothecium [
PO:0020004; plant anatomy term ]
An microsporangium exothecium that is part of an anther wall.
More Synonyms: anther epidermis, anther sac epidermis, exotecio de la pared de la antera (Spanish), 葯壁外皮 (Japanese), PO:0006059, PO:0006447, PO:0006482, Poaceae exothecium, pollen sac exothecium, Zea exothecium
Comments: Often with thickened cell walls. Involved in anther dehiscence. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316).
anther wall inner secondary parietal cell layer [
PO:0006008; plant anatomy term ]
An anther wall secondary parietal cell layer (PO:0006007) that is formed towards the inside, after the cells of an anther wall primary parietal cell layer (PO:0006006) undergo a periclinal division.
More Synonyms: capa interna secundaria de células parietales (Spanish), 葯壁内二次側膜細胞層 (Japanese), pollen sac inner secondary parietal cell layer
Comments: In many angiosperms, including Arabidopsis, it divides periclinally to form an anther wall middle layer externally and an anther wall tapetum internally. Alternatively, it may differentiate into a tapetum.
anther wall middle layer [
PO:0004700; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of ground tissue (PO:0025059) directly internal to an anther wall endothecium (PO:0020002) that develops from an anther wall secondary parietal cell layer (PO:0006007).
More Synonyms: capa media (Spanish), 葯壁中間層 (Japanese)
Comments: May be a single or double layer. Usually crushed by the endothecium and therefore almost invariably degenerates early during anther development. In some angiosperms, including Arabidopsis, it develops from an anther wall outer secondary parietal cell layer. In other angiosperms, it develops directly from an anther wall primary parietal cell layer, while in still others, two layers of the middle layer may develop from both an anther wall outer secondary parietal cell layer and an anther wall inner secondary parietal cell layer.
anther wall outer secondary parietal cell layer [
PO:0006009; plant anatomy term ]
An anther wall secondary parietal cell layer (PO:0006007) formed towards the outside, after an anther wall primary parietal cell layer (An anther wall secondary parietal cell layer (PO:0006006) undergoes a periclinal division.
More Synonyms: capa externa secundaria de células parietales (Spanish), 葯壁外二次側膜細胞層、壁細胞層 (Japanese), pollen sac outer secondary parietal cell layer
Comments: In many angiosperms, including Arabidopsis, it differentiates into the anther wall endothecium. Alternatively, it may divide periclinally to form an anther wall endothecium externally and an anther wall middle layer internally.
anther wall primary parietal cell layer [
PO:0006006; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of ground tissue (PO:0025059) that is part of an anther wall (PO:0000002) and has as parts a primary parietal cell (PO:0006010) and adjacent plant cells.
More Synonyms: capa primaria de células parietales (Spanish), 葯壁一次側膜細胞層、壁細胞層 (Japanese), pollen sac primary parietal cell layer
Comments:
anther wall secondary parietal cell layer [
PO:0006007; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of ground tissue (PO:0025059) that is part of an anther wall (PO:0000002) and develops from an anther wall primary parietal cell layer (PO:0006006).
More Synonyms: capa secundaria de células parietales (Spanish), 葯壁二次側膜細胞層、壁細胞層 (Japanese), pollen sac secondary parietal cell layer
Comments: In many angiosperms, the cells of the anther wall primary parietal cell layer undergo a periclinal division, resulting in the formation of two anther wall secondary parietal layers.
anther wall tapetum [
PO:0009071; plant anatomy term ]
A microsporangium tapetum (PO:0025314) that is part of an anther wall (PO:0000002).
More Synonyms: 葯壁タペート組織 (Japanese), PO:0006450, PO:0006484, Poaceae tapetum, pollen sac tapetum, portion of anther wall tapetal tissue, tapete (Spanish), Zea tapetum
Comments: Develops from a primary or secondary parietal cell layer. Innermost part of the anther wall, involved in the nutrition of the pollen. If you are annotating to this structure for Zea mays or other grasses, please also add an annotation to the corresponding floret type. Choose the most specific term possible from: spikelet floret (PO:0009082), tassel floret (PO:0006310), lower floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006313), lower floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006315), upper floret of pedicellate spikelet of tassel (PO:0006314), upper floret of sessile spikelet of tassel (PO:0006316).
anther wall tapetum cell [
PO:0025545; plant anatomy term ]
A microsporangium tapetum cell (PO:0025544) that is part of the anther wall tapetum (PO:0009071).
More Synonyms: anther wall tapetal cell, célula de la pared del tapete de la antera (Spanish), 葯壁絨毯細胞 (Japanese)
Comments:
antheridiophore [
PO:0030033; plant anatomy term ]
A stalk (PO:0025066) that supports an antheridium head (PO:0030075).
More Synonyms: anteridióforo (Spanish), 雄器床柄 (Japanese)
Comments: Found in mosses and other bryophytes such as the liverwort Marchantiales.
antheridium [
PO:0025125; plant anatomy term ]
A multicellular plant gametangium (PO:0025124) that produces antheridium sperm cells (PO:0025120) and has as parts an antheridium jacket layer (PO:0030053) and an antheridium stalk (PO:0030035).
More Synonyms: anteridio (Spanish), antheridia, 造精器 (Japanese)
Comments: The antheridium (PO:0025125) occurs in bryophytes and pteridophytes, but never in gymnosperms or angiosperms, where male gametes are produced in the pollen (PO:0025281), a specialized (reduced) gametangium.
antheridium head [
PO:0030075; plant anatomy term ]
A disk-shaped cardinal organ part (PO:0025001) that is the apical portion of an antheridiophore (PO:0030033) and bears antheridia (PO:0025125).
More Synonyms: antheridial head, cabeza del anteridio (Spanish), 造精器頭部 (Japanese)
Comments: Found in mosses and other bryophytes such as the liverwort Marchantiales.
antheridium jacket layer [
PO:0030053; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that is a single layer of cells on the outside of an antheridium (PO:0025125).
More Synonyms: antheridial jacket layer, antheridium wall, capa de la cubierta del anteridio (Spanish), 造精器被覆層 (Japanese), sterile jacket layer
Comments: Cells in the antheridium jacket layer surround the spermatogenous cells (PO:0025525) and do not give rise to antheridium sperm cells (PO:0025120).
antheridium jacket layer cell [
PO:0030052; plant anatomy term ]
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that is part of an antheridium jacket layer (PO:0030053).
More Synonyms: antheridium wall cell, capa célular de la cubierta del anteridio (Spanish), 造精器被覆層細胞 (Japanese), jacket cell, sterile jacket cell
Comments:
antheridium microgametophyte [
PO:0025283; plant anatomy term ]
A microgametophyte (PO:0025280) that has as parts one or more antheridia (PO:0025125).
More Synonyms: anteridio del microgametofito (Spanish), antheridial microgametophyte, 造精器小胞子体(小配偶体) (Japanese)
Comments: Microgametophytes in bryophytes only produce sperm cells, but do not develop from microspores, because there is no heterospory in bryophytes. In some pteridophytes, microgametophytes develop from microspores.
antheridium sperm cell [
PO:0025120; plant anatomy term ]
A plant sperm cell (PO:0000084) which develops from a spermatogenous cell (PO:0025525) and is located in an antheridium (PO:0025125).
More Synonyms: antheridial sperm cell, antherozoid, célula espermática del anteridio (Spanish), 造精器精子細胞 (Japanese), spermatozoid
Comments: Antheridial sperm cells are motile and lack a cell wall.
antheridium stalk [
PO:0030035; plant anatomy term ]
A stalk (PO:0025066) that is the basal part of an antheridium (PO:0025125).
More Synonyms: antheridial stalk, 造精器柄 (Japanese), pedúnculo del anteridio (Spanish)
Comments: The antheridium stalk raises the antheridium (PO:0025125) from the antheridium head (PO:0030075).
antipodal cell [
PO:0020093; plant anatomy term ]
Cell, commonly three in number as in the eight-nucleate embryo sac, located at the other end of the embryo sac from the egg cell.
More Synonyms: célula antipodal (Spanish), 反足細胞 (Japanese)
Comments: More or less persistent, multiplicative or not.
antiraphe [
PO:0020028; plant anatomy term ]
A cardinal organ part (PO:0025001) that is the part of a plant ovule (PO:0020003) on the opposite side from a raphe (PO:0020027).
More Synonyms: anterafe (Spanish), 胚珠の縫線と反対側にある組織 (Japanese)
Comments: If you are annotating to this structure for an angiosperm, please add an additional annotation to plant ovary ovule (PO:0025490). If you are annotating to this structure for an gymnosperm, please add an additional annotation to ovuliferous scale ovule (PO:0025491).
apical hook [
PO:0000012; plant anatomy term ]
Hook-like structure which develops at the apical part of the hypocotyl in dark-grown seedlings in dicots.
More Synonyms: 頂端かぎ状屈曲構造 (Japanese), gancho apical (Spanish), hypocotyl hook
Comments:
apical meristem [
PO:0020144; plant anatomy term ]
A maximal portion of meristem tissue (PO:0009013) located at a shoot apex (PO:0000037) or root tip (PO:0000025).
More Synonyms: AM, 頂端分裂組織 (Japanese), meristema apical (Spanish), primary meristem, promeristem
Comments:
archegoniophore [
PO:0030034; plant anatomy term ]
A stalk (PO:0025066) that supports an archegonium head (PO:0030034).
More Synonyms: arquegonióforo (Spanish), 雌器床柄、雌器托 (Japanese)
Comments: Found in Marchantiales.
archegonium [
PO:0025126; plant anatomy term ]
A multicellular plant gametangium (PO:0025124) that develops from an archegonium initial cell (PO:0025510) and has as parts a venter (PO:0030038) and an archegonium neck (PO:0030039).
More Synonyms: archegonia, arquegonio (Spanish), 造卵器 (Japanese)
Comments: At maturity, the archegonium produces an archegonium egg cell (PO:0025122). In mosses, the archegonium also has part an archegonium stalk (PO:0030036). The archegonium (PO:0025126) occurs in bryophytes and pteridophytes, but never in angiosperms, where the female gamete (plant egg cell; PO:0020094) is produced by the embryo sac (PO:0025074), a specialized (reduced) gametangium.
archegonium central cell [
PO:0025509; plant anatomy term ]
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that is the larger, distal cell arising from the first division of an archegonium initial cell (PO:0025510).
More Synonyms: 造卵器中央細胞 (Japanese)
Comments: The archegonium central cell divides asymmetrically to form a smaller ventral canal cell (PO:0025524) and a larger archegonium egg cell (PO:0025122). It is larger than the archegonium neck canal cell (PO:0030065), which also develops from the archegonium initial cell (PO:0025510). The archegonium central cell only occurs in gymnosperms.
archegonium egg cell [
PO:0025122; plant anatomy term ]
A plant egg cell (PO:0020094) that develops from the archegonium central cell (PO:0025509) and is located in the venter (PO:0030038).
More Synonyms: archegonial egg cell, 造卵器卵細胞 (Japanese), oocélula del arquegonio (Spanish)
Comments: The archegonium egg cell has a common origin with the ventral canal cell.
archegonium head [
PO:0030076; plant anatomy term ]
An umbrella-shaped cardinal organ part that is the apical portion of an archegoniophore and bears archegonia.
More Synonyms: archegonial head, cabeza del arquegonio (Spanish), 造卵器頭部 (Japanese)
Comments: Found in Marchantiales.
archegonium initial cell [
PO:0025510; plant anatomy term ]
An initial cell (PO:0004011) that divides asymmetrically to form an archegonium central cell (PO:0025509) and a smaller archegonium neck canal cell (PO:0030035).
More Synonyms: archegonium initial, 造卵器始原細胞 (Japanese)
Comments:
archegonium megagametophyte [
PO:0025282; plant anatomy term ]
A megagametophyte (PO:0025279) that has as parts one or more archegonia (PO:0025126).
More Synonyms: archegonial megagametophyte, arquegonio del megagametofito (Spanish), 造卵器大配偶体 (Japanese)
Comments: Megagametophytes in bryophytes only produce egg cells, but do not develop from megaspores, because there is no heterospory in bryophytes. In some pteridophytes, megagametophytes develop from megaspores.
archegonium neck [
PO:0030039; plant anatomy term ]
A cardinal organ part (PO:0025001) that is the elongated, apical part of an archegonium (PO:0025126).
More Synonyms: archegonial neck, cuello del arquegonio (Spanish), 造卵器頸部 (Japanese)
Comments: Early in development, the archegonium neck is occluded by a single row of neck canal cells (PO:0030065). At maturity, the neck canal cells (PO:0030065) and the ventral canal cell (PO:0025524) disintegrate, creating a archegonium neck canal (PO:0030066) for the plant sperm cells (PO:0000084) to enter the archegonium (PO:0025126).
archegonium neck canal [
PO:0030066; plant anatomy term ]
A canal (PO:0025132) in the center of an archegonium neck (PO:0030039).
More Synonyms: archegonial neck canal, canal del cuello del arquegonio (Spanish), 造卵器頚溝 (Japanese)
Comments: During archegonium development, the archegonium neck canal cells (PO:0030065) and the ventral canal cell (PO:0025524) disintegrate, creating a archegonium neck canal for the plant sperm cells (PO:0000084) to enter the archegonium (PO:0025126).
archegonium neck canal cell [
PO:0030065; plant anatomy term ]
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that is one of the axial row of cells in an immature archegonium neck (PO:0030039).
More Synonyms: archegonial neck canal cell, célula del canal del cuello del arquegonio (Spanish), 造卵器頚溝細胞 (Japanese)
Comments: During archegonium development, the archegonium neck canal cells (PO:0030065) and the ventral canal cell (PO:0025524) disintegrate, creating a archegonium neck canal for the plant sperm cells (PO:0000084) to enter the archegonium (PO:0025126).
archegonium stalk [
PO:0030036; plant anatomy term ]
A stalk that the basal part of an archegonium.
More Synonyms: archegonial stalk, 造卵器柄 (Japanese), pedúnculo del arquegonio (Spanish)
Comments: Raises the venter above the rest of the gametophyte.
archesporial cell [
PO:0030056; plant anatomy term ]
A native plant cell (PO:0025606) that divides to gives rise to a sporocyte (PO:0006204) and is part of a sporangium (PO:0025094).
More Synonyms: archesporial initial, célula arquesporial (Spanish), 胞原細胞 (Japanese), sporogenous cell
Comments: May also give rise to sterile cells such as elators (in liverworts) or tapetal cells. In most species outside seed plants, multiple archesporial cells are part of an archesporium or sporogenous tissue.
archesporium [
PO:0030074; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue (PO:0009007) that is the internal part of a sporangium (PO:0025094), bounded by the sporangium wall (PO:0025306), and has as parts archesporial cells (PO:0030056).
More Synonyms: arquesporio (Spanish), 胞原組織 (Japanese), sporogenous tissue
Comments: Gives rise to sporocytes and may give rise to other sterile cells such as elators.
areole bud [
PO:0025353; plant anatomy term ]
An axillary vegetative bud (PO:0004712) that is not elongated, in which the vascular leaves (PO:0009025) develop as spine leaves (PO:0025173).
More Synonyms: areola de la yema (Spanish), 刺座、アレオール (Japanese)
Comments: Found in Cactaceae. Appears as a cluster of spine leaves (PO:0025173). May be covered in trichomes (PO:0000282). In species with tubercles (PO:0025352), the areole bud is often found at the distal end of the tubercle. The areole bud originates in a leaf axil (PO:0009023) of a leaf that becomes a tubercle but is displaced to the tip of a tubercle through elongation of the tubercle.
aril [
PO:0009090; plant anatomy term ]
An arilloid that is an outgrowth of a seed from a seed funicle.
More Synonyms: arilo (Spanish), 仮種皮 (Japanese)
Comments: Usually envelopes most of the seed and is fleshy. If the ovule is pressed against the funicle to form a raphe, it may appear that the aril is growing from the raphe.
arillode [
PO:0025378; plant anatomy term ]
An arilloid that is an elaborate outgrowth of a seed at the micropylar end.
More Synonyms: ariloide (Spanish), 偽種衣 偽仮種皮 アリロード (Japanese)
Comments: Generally larger than a caruncle and not hard.
arilloid [
PO:0019022; plant anatomy term ]
A cardinal part of multi-tissue plant structure (PO:0025498) that is a fleshy outgrowth of a seed (PO:0009010).
More Synonyms: arilli, arillode, arillus, arilodio (Spanish), 種皮附属物, アリロイド (Japanese)
Comments: Often conspicuous and found on seeds with a hard testa that are dispersed by animals. There is some variation in how different sources define the subtypes of arilloids.
articulated laticifer [
PO:0005006; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of secretory tissue (PO:0005656) that has as parts articulated laticifer cells (PO:0006221).
More Synonyms: 連合乳管(有節乳管) (Japanese), laticífero articulado (Spanish), portion of articulated laticifer tissue
Comments: The articulated laticifer cells are joined longitudinally to form a tube, with cross-walls that may be partially to fully perforated.
articulated laticifer cell [
PO:0006221; plant anatomy term ]
A laticifer cell (PO:0025031) that is joined longitudinally to other articulated laticifer cells to form a tube.
More Synonyms: célula del laticífero articulado (Spanish), compound laticifer cell, 連合乳管(有節乳管)細胞 (Japanese), laticifer member
Comments: The walls between contiguous cells may be perforated or may disappear completely. This terms should be used for individual cells. For multiple cells joined together, use articulated laticifer (PO:0005006).
awn [
PO:0025349; plant anatomy term ]
A cardinal organ part that is a slender, more or less straight and stiff, fine-pointed, terminal or subterminal appendage of a glume, lemma, or palea.
More Synonyms: arista, arista (Spanish), bristle, 芒 (Japanese), seta, setae
Comments: Found in a spikelet of Poaceae. Sometimes the awn is a continuation of the bearing structure's central primary vein.
axial secondary xylem parenchyma [
PO:0004533; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of secondary xylem parenchyma (PO:0004532) that is part of an axial system (PO:0025410) and has as parts axial secondary xylem parenchyma cells (PO:0004526).
More Synonyms: axial wood parenchyma, 軸方向二次木部柔組織 (Japanese), parénquima axial de la madera (Spanish)
Comments:
axial secondary xylem parenchyma cell [
PO:0004526; plant anatomy term ]
A secondary xylem parenchyma cell (PO:0004525) that is part of a portion of axial secondary xylem parenchyma (PO:0004533).
More Synonyms: axial wood parenchyma cell, célula parenquimática axial de la madera (Spanish), 軸方向二次木部柔組織細胞 (Japanese)
Comments:
axial system [
PO:0025410; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of secondary vascular tissue (PO:0025409) that has as parts cells derived from fusiform initials (PO:0000079) and oriented with their longest diameter parallel to a plant axis (PO:0025004).
More Synonyms: 軸系 (Japanese), longitudinal system, sistema axial (Spanish), vertical system
Comments: Includes portions of secondary xylem (PO:0005848) and axial wood parenchyma (PO:0004533).
axil [
PO:0025224; plant anatomy term ]
A plant anatomical space that is the space between a shoot axis and a leaf, bract, or branch that branches from the shoot axis.
More Synonyms: axila (Spanish), 腋、軸 (Japanese)
Comments:
axillary bud [
PO:0004709; plant anatomy term ]
A bud (PO:0000055) that develops from an axillary bud meristem (PO:0000232).
More Synonyms: 腋芽 (Japanese), yema axilar (Spanish)
Comments:
axillary bud meristem [
PO:0000232; plant anatomy term ]
A shoot system meristem (PO:0006079) formed in an axil (PO:0025224).
More Synonyms: axillary meristem, 腋芽分裂組織 (Japanese), meristema de yema axilar (Spanish)
Comments:
axillary flower bud [
PO:0004710; plant anatomy term ]
An axillary bud that develops into a flower.
More Synonyms: axillary floral bud, 腋花芽 (Japanese), yema de flor axilar (Spanish)
Comments:
axillary hair [
PO:0025316; plant anatomy term ]
A multicellular trichome (PO:0025162) that has as parts a long terminal cell atop a basal stalk and grows in a leaf axil (PO:0009023).
More Synonyms: 腋毛 (Japanese), pelo axilar (Spanish)
Comments: Found in monocots and mosses. The basal stalk may contain one or more cells.
axillary hair basal cell [
PO:0025319; plant anatomy term ]
A trichome cell (PO:0008030) that is part of a base of an axillary hair (PO:0025316).
More Synonyms: axillary hair base cell, célula basal del pelo axilar (Spanish), 腋毛基底細胞 (Japanese)
Comments:
axillary hair base [
PO:0025318; plant anatomy term ]
A portion of plant tissue that is the basal part of an axillary hair, below the axillary hair terminal cell.
More Synonyms: base del pelo axilar (Spanish), 腋毛基底 (Japanese)
Comments: Consists of two or more cells.
axillary hair terminal cell [
PO:0025317; plant anatomy term ]
A trichome cell (PO:0008030) that is the long terminal cell of an axillary hair (PO:0008030).
More Synonyms: célula terminal del pelo axilar (Spanish), 腋毛終端細胞 (Japanese)
Comments:
axillary inflorescence bud [
PO:0004711; plant anatomy term ]
An axillary reproductive bud that develops into an inflorescence.
More Synonyms: 腋花序芽 (Japanese), yema de inflorescencia axilar (Spanish)
Comments:
axillary reproductive bud [
PO:0025072; plant anatomy term ]
An axillary bud (PO:0004709) that develops into an reproductive shoot system (PO:0025082).
More Synonyms: 腋生殖芽 (Japanese), yema axilar reproductiva (Spanish)
Comments:
axillary shoot system [
PO:0006343; plant anatomy term ]
A shoot-borne shoot system (PO:0004545) that develops from an axillary bud (PO:0004709).
More Synonyms: axillary branch, 腋苗条系 (Japanese), Musa sucker, sistema axilar del epiblasto (epiblastema) (Spanish)
Comments:
axillary strobilus bud [
PO:0025076; plant anatomy term ]
An axillary reproductive bud that develops into a strobilus.
More Synonyms: 腋珠果(ストロビル)芽 (Japanese), yema de estróbilo axilar (Spanish)
Comments:
axillary vegetative bud [
PO:0004712; plant anatomy term ]
An axillary bud (PO:0004712) that develops into a shoot system (PO:0009006) that has as organ parts only vegetative organs.
More Synonyms: 腋枝芽 (Japanese), yema vegetativa axilar (Spanish)
Comments: